spero: all forms
spero means “hope”. Below is its full conjugation in Latin.
Present active
Present active | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|
| 1st singular | spero | sperem | |
|---|
| 2nd singular | speras | speres | spera |
|---|
| 3rd singular | sperat | speret | |
|---|
| 1st plural | speramus | speremus | |
|---|
| 2nd plural | speratis | speretis | sperate |
|---|
| 3rd plural | sperant | sperent | |
|---|
Present passive
Present passive | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|
| 1st singular | speror | sperer | |
|---|
| 2nd singular | speraris | sperere · spereris | sperare |
|---|
| 3rd singular | speratur | speretur | |
|---|
| 1st plural | speramur | speremur | |
|---|
| 2nd plural | speramini | speremini | speramini |
|---|
| 3rd plural | sperantur | sperentur | |
|---|
Imperfect active
Imperfect active | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|
| 1st singular | sperabam | sperarem |
|---|
| 2nd singular | sperabas | sperares |
|---|
| 3rd singular | sperabat | speraret |
|---|
| 1st plural | sperabamus | speraremus |
|---|
| 2nd plural | sperabatis | speraretis |
|---|
| 3rd plural | sperabant | sperarent |
|---|
Imperfect passive
Imperfect passive | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|
| 1st singular | sperabar | sperarer |
|---|
| 2nd singular | sperabare · sperabaris | sperarere · sperareris |
|---|
| 3rd singular | sperabatur | speraretur |
|---|
| 1st plural | sperabamur | speraremur |
|---|
| 2nd plural | sperabamini | speraremini |
|---|
| 3rd plural | sperabantur | sperarentur |
|---|
Future active
Future active | Indicative | Imperative |
|---|
| 1st singular | sperabo | |
|---|
| 2nd singular | sperabis | sperato |
|---|
| 3rd singular | sperabit | sperato |
|---|
| 1st plural | sperabimus | |
|---|
| 2nd plural | sperabitis | speratote |
|---|
| 3rd plural | sperabunt | speranto |
|---|
Future passive
Future passive | Indicative | Imperative |
|---|
| 1st singular | sperabor | |
|---|
| 2nd singular | sperabere · speraberis | sperator |
|---|
| 3rd singular | sperabitur | sperator |
|---|
| 1st plural | sperabimur | |
|---|
| 2nd plural | sperabimini | |
|---|
| 3rd plural | sperabuntur | sperantor |
|---|
Perfect active
Perfect active | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|
| 1st singular | speravi | speraverim |
|---|
| 2nd singular | speravisti | speraveris |
|---|
| 3rd singular | speravit | speraverit |
|---|
| 1st plural | speravimus | speraverimus |
|---|
| 2nd plural | speravistis | speraveritis |
|---|
| 3rd plural | speravere · speraverunt | speraverint |
|---|
Pluperfect active
Pluperfect active | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|
| 1st singular | speraveram | speravissem |
|---|
| 2nd singular | speraveras | speravisses |
|---|
| 3rd singular | speraverat | speravisset |
|---|
| 1st plural | speraveramus | speravissemus |
|---|
| 2nd plural | speraveratis | speravissetis |
|---|
| 3rd plural | speraverant | speravissent |
|---|
Future perfect active
Future perfect active | Indicative |
|---|
| 1st singular | speravero |
|---|
| 2nd singular | speraveris |
|---|
| 3rd singular | speraverit |
|---|
| 1st plural | speraverimus |
|---|
| 2nd plural | speraveritis |
|---|
| 3rd plural | speraverint |
|---|
Infinitives
Infinitives | Active | Passive |
|---|
| Present | sperare | sperari |
|---|
| Perfect | speravisse | |
|---|
Participles
Present active participle, singular | Neuter | Forms |
|---|
| Nominative | | sperans |
|---|
| Genitive | | sperantis |
|---|
| Dative | | speranti |
|---|
| Accusative | sperans | sperantem |
|---|
| Ablative | | speranti · sperante |
|---|
| Vocative | | sperans |
|---|
Present active participle, plural | Neuter | Forms |
|---|
| Nominative | sperantia | sperantes |
|---|
| Genitive | | sperantum · sperantium |
|---|
| Dative | | sperantibus |
|---|
| Accusative | sperantia | sperantes |
|---|
| Ablative | | sperantibus |
|---|
| Vocative | sperantia | sperantes |
|---|
Future active participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
|---|
| Nominative | speraturus | speratura | speraturum | |
|---|
| Genitive | speraturi | speraturae | speraturi | |
|---|
| Dative | speraturo | speraturae | speraturo | |
|---|
| Accusative | speraturum | speraturam | speraturum | |
|---|
| Ablative | speraturo | speratura | speraturo | |
|---|
| Vocative | sperature | speratura | speraturum | |
|---|
Future active participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
|---|
| Nominative | speraturi | speraturae | speratura | |
|---|
| Genitive | speraturorum | speraturarum | speraturorum | |
|---|
| Dative | | | | speraturis |
|---|
| Accusative | speraturos | speraturas | speratura | |
|---|
| Ablative | | | | speraturis |
|---|
| Vocative | speraturi | speraturae | speratura | |
|---|
Perfect passive participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
|---|
| Nominative | speratus | sperata | speratum | |
|---|
| Genitive | sperati | speratae | sperati | |
|---|
| Dative | sperato | speratae | sperato | |
|---|
| Accusative | speratum | speratam | speratum | |
|---|
| Ablative | sperato | sperata | sperato | |
|---|
| Vocative | sperate | sperata | speratum | |
|---|
Perfect passive participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
|---|
| Nominative | sperati | speratae | sperata | |
|---|
| Genitive | speratorum | speratarum | speratorum | |
|---|
| Dative | | | | speratis |
|---|
| Accusative | speratos | speratas | sperata | |
|---|
| Ablative | | | | speratis |
|---|
| Vocative | sperati | speratae | sperata | |
|---|
Gerund, gerundive and supine
Gerundive, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
|---|
| Nominative | sperandus | speranda | sperandum | |
|---|
| Genitive | sperandi | sperandae | sperandi | |
|---|
| Dative | sperando | sperandae | sperando | |
|---|
| Accusative | sperandum | sperandam | sperandum | |
|---|
| Ablative | sperando | speranda | sperando | |
|---|
| Vocative | sperande | speranda | sperandum | |
|---|
Gerundive, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
|---|
| Nominative | sperandi | sperandae | speranda | |
|---|
| Genitive | sperandorum | sperandarum | sperandorum | |
|---|
| Dative | | | | sperandis |
|---|
| Accusative | sperandos | sperandas | speranda | |
|---|
| Ablative | | | | sperandis |
|---|
| Vocative | sperandi | sperandae | speranda | |
|---|
Supine | Forms |
|---|
| Accusative | speratum |
|---|
| Ablative | speratu |
|---|
Meaning and examples of spero
Source: Socratos (socratos.org), a free reader for Ancient Greek and Latin. Grammar from the Perseus Treebank and Morpheus; dictionary entries from Lewis & Short, A Latin Dictionary (Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA). Counts are from the texts on Socratos.