incumbo: all forms
incumbo means “lean on, lie on; apply oneself to, throw oneself into (+dat.)”. Below is its full conjugation in Latin.
Present active
Present active | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | incumbo | incumbam | |
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| 2nd singular | incumbis | incumbas | incumbe · incumb |
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| 3rd singular | incumbit | incumbat | |
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| 1st plural | incumbimus | incumbamus | |
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| 2nd plural | incumbitis | incumbatis | incumbite |
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| 3rd plural | incumbunt | incumbant | |
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Present passive
Present passive | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | incumbor | incumbar | |
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| 2nd singular | incumberis | incumbare · incumbaris | incumbere |
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| 3rd singular | incumbitur | incumbatur | |
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| 1st plural | incumbimur | incumbamur | |
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| 2nd plural | incumbimini | incumbamini | incumbimini |
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| 3rd plural | incumbuntur | incumbantur | |
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Imperfect active
Imperfect active | Indicative | Subjunctive |
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| 1st singular | incumbebam | incumberem |
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| 2nd singular | incumbebas | incumberes |
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| 3rd singular | incumbebat | incumberet |
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| 1st plural | incumbebamus | incumberemus |
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| 2nd plural | incumbebatis | incumberetis |
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| 3rd plural | incumbebant | incumberent |
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Imperfect passive
Imperfect passive | Indicative | Subjunctive |
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| 1st singular | incumbebar | incumberer |
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| 2nd singular | incumbebare · incumbebaris | incumberere · incumbereris |
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| 3rd singular | incumbebatur | incumberetur |
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| 1st plural | incumbebamur | incumberemur |
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| 2nd plural | incumbebamini | incumberemini |
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| 3rd plural | incumbebantur | incumberentur |
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Future active
Future active | Indicative | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | incumbam | |
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| 2nd singular | incumbes | incumbito |
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| 3rd singular | incumbet | incumbito |
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| 1st plural | incumbemus | |
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| 2nd plural | incumbetis | incumbitote |
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| 3rd plural | incumbent | incumbunto |
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Future passive
Future passive | Indicative | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | incumbar | |
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| 2nd singular | incumbere · incumberis | incumbitor |
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| 3rd singular | incumbetur | incumbitor |
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| 1st plural | incumbemur | |
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| 2nd plural | incumbemini | |
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| 3rd plural | incumbentur | incumbuntor |
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Perfect active
Perfect active | Indicative | Subjunctive |
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| 1st singular | incumbui | incumbuerim |
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| 2nd singular | incumbuisti | incumbueris |
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| 3rd singular | incumbuit | incumbuerit |
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| 1st plural | incumbuimus | incumbuerimus |
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| 2nd plural | incumbuistis | incumbueritis |
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| 3rd plural | incumbuere · incumbuerunt | incumbuerint |
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Pluperfect active
Pluperfect active | Indicative | Subjunctive |
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| 1st singular | incumbueram | incumbuissem |
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| 2nd singular | incumbueras | incumbuisses |
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| 3rd singular | incumbuerat | incumbuisset |
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| 1st plural | incumbueramus | incumbuissemus |
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| 2nd plural | incumbueratis | incumbuissetis |
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| 3rd plural | incumbuerant | incumbuissent |
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Future perfect active
Future perfect active | Indicative |
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| 1st singular | incumbuero |
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| 2nd singular | incumbueris |
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| 3rd singular | incumbuerit |
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| 1st plural | incumbuerimus |
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| 2nd plural | incumbueritis |
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| 3rd plural | incumbuerint |
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Infinitives
Infinitives | Active | Passive |
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| Present | incumbere | incumbi |
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| Perfect | incumbuisse | |
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Participles
Present active participle, singular | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | | incumbens |
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| Genitive | | incumbentis |
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| Dative | | incumbenti |
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| Accusative | incumbens | incumbentem |
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| Ablative | | incumbente · incumbenti |
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| Vocative | | incumbens |
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Present active participle, plural | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | incumbentia | incumbentes |
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| Genitive | | incumbentium |
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| Dative | | incumbentibus |
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| Accusative | incumbentia | incumbentes |
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| Ablative | | incumbentibus |
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| Vocative | incumbentia | incumbentes |
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Future active participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | incumbiturus | incumbitura | incumbiturum | |
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| Genitive | incumbituri | incumbiturae | incumbituri | |
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| Dative | incumbituro | incumbiturae | incumbituro | |
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| Accusative | incumbiturum | incumbituram | incumbiturum | |
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| Ablative | incumbituro | incumbitura | incumbituro | |
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| Vocative | incumbiture | incumbitura | incumbiturum | |
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Future active participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | incumbituri | incumbiturae | incumbitura | |
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| Genitive | incumbiturorum | incumbiturarum | incumbiturorum | |
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| Dative | | | | incumbituris |
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| Accusative | incumbituros | incumbituras | incumbitura | |
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| Ablative | | | | incumbituris |
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| Vocative | incumbituri | incumbiturae | incumbitura | |
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Perfect passive participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | incumbitus | incumbita | incumbitum | |
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| Genitive | incumbiti | incumbitae | incumbiti | |
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| Dative | incumbito | incumbitae | incumbito | |
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| Accusative | incumbitum | incumbitam | incumbitum | |
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| Ablative | incumbito | incumbita | incumbito | |
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| Vocative | incumbite | incumbita | incumbitum | |
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Perfect passive participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | incumbiti | incumbitae | incumbita | |
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| Genitive | incumbitorum | incumbitarum | incumbitorum | |
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| Dative | | | | incumbitis |
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| Accusative | incumbitos | incumbitas | incumbita | |
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| Ablative | | | | incumbitis |
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| Vocative | incumbiti | incumbitae | incumbita | |
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Gerund, gerundive and supine
Gerundive, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | incumbendus | incumbenda | incumbendum | |
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| Genitive | incumbendi | incumbendae | incumbendi | |
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| Dative | incumbendo | incumbendae | incumbendo | |
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| Accusative | incumbendum | incumbendam | incumbendum | |
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| Ablative | incumbendo | incumbenda | incumbendo | |
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| Vocative | incumbende | incumbenda | incumbendum | |
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Gerundive, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | incumbendi | incumbendae | incumbenda | |
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| Genitive | incumbendorum | incumbendarum | incumbendorum | |
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| Dative | | | | incumbendis |
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| Accusative | incumbendos | incumbendas | incumbenda | |
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| Ablative | | | | incumbendis |
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| Vocative | incumbendi | incumbendae | incumbenda | |
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Supine | Forms |
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| Accusative | incumbitum |
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| Ablative | incumbitu |
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Meaning and examples of incumbo
Source: Socratos (socratos.org), a free reader for Ancient Greek and Latin. Grammar from the Perseus Treebank and Morpheus; dictionary entries from Lewis & Short, A Latin Dictionary (Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA). Counts are from the texts on Socratos.