circumdo: all forms
circumdo means “surround, encircle; put around”. Below is its full conjugation in Latin.
Present active
Present active | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | circumdo | circumdem | |
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| 2nd singular | circumdas | circumdes | circumda |
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| 3rd singular | circumdat | circumdet | |
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| 1st plural | circumdamus | circumdemus | |
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| 2nd plural | circumdatis | circumdetis | circumdate |
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| 3rd plural | circumdant | circumdent | |
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Present passive
Present passive | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | circumdor | circumder | |
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| 2nd singular | circumdaris | circumdere · circumderis | circumdare |
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| 3rd singular | circumdatur | circumdetur | |
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| 1st plural | circumdamur | circumdemur | |
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| 2nd plural | circumdamini | circumdemini | circumdamini |
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| 3rd plural | circumdantur | circumdentur | |
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Imperfect active
Imperfect active | Indicative | Subjunctive |
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| 1st singular | circumdabam | circumdarem |
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| 2nd singular | circumdabas | circumdares |
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| 3rd singular | circumdabat | circumdaret |
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| 1st plural | circumdabamus | circumdaremus |
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| 2nd plural | circumdabatis | circumdaretis |
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| 3rd plural | circumdabant | circumdarent |
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Imperfect passive
Imperfect passive | Indicative | Subjunctive |
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| 1st singular | circumdabar | circumdarer |
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| 2nd singular | circumdabare · circumdabaris | circumdarere · circumdareris |
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| 3rd singular | circumdabatur | circumdaretur |
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| 1st plural | circumdabamur | circumdaremur |
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| 2nd plural | circumdabamini | circumdaremini |
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| 3rd plural | circumdabantur | circumdarentur |
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Future active
Future active | Indicative | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | circumdabo | |
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| 2nd singular | circumdabis | circumdato |
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| 3rd singular | circumdabit | circumdato |
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| 1st plural | circumdabimus | |
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| 2nd plural | circumdabitis | circumdatote |
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| 3rd plural | circumdabunt | circumdanto |
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Future passive
Future passive | Indicative | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | circumdabor | |
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| 2nd singular | circumdabere · circumdaberis | circumdator |
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| 3rd singular | circumdabitur | circumdator |
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| 1st plural | circumdabimur | |
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| 2nd plural | circumdabimini | |
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| 3rd plural | circumdabuntur | circumdantor |
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Perfect active
Perfect active | Indicative | Subjunctive |
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| 1st singular | circumdedi | circumdederim |
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| 2nd singular | circumdedisti | circumdederis |
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| 3rd singular | circumdedit | circumdederit |
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| 1st plural | circumdedimus | circumdederimus |
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| 2nd plural | circumdedistis | circumdederitis |
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| 3rd plural | circumdederunt · circumdedere | circumdederint |
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Pluperfect active
Pluperfect active | Indicative | Subjunctive |
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| 1st singular | circumdederam | circumdedissem |
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| 2nd singular | circumdederas | circumdedisses |
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| 3rd singular | circumdederat | circumdedisset |
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| 1st plural | circumdederamus | circumdedissemus |
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| 2nd plural | circumdederatis | circumdedissetis |
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| 3rd plural | circumdederant | circumdedissent |
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Future perfect active
Future perfect active | Indicative |
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| 1st singular | circumdedero |
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| 2nd singular | circumdederis |
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| 3rd singular | circumdederit |
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| 1st plural | circumdederimus |
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| 2nd plural | circumdederitis |
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| 3rd plural | circumdederint |
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Infinitives
Infinitives | Active | Passive |
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| Present | circumdare | circumdari |
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| Perfect | circumdedisse | |
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Participles
Present active participle, singular | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | | circumdans |
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| Genitive | | circumdantis |
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| Dative | | circumdanti |
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| Accusative | circumdans | circumdantem |
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| Ablative | | circumdante · circumdanti |
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| Vocative | | circumdans |
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Present active participle, plural | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | circumdantia | circumdantes |
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| Genitive | | circumdantum · circumdantium |
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| Dative | | circumdantibus |
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| Accusative | circumdantia | circumdantes |
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| Ablative | | circumdantibus |
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| Vocative | circumdantia | circumdantes |
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Future active participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | circumdaturus | circumdatura | circumdaturum | |
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| Genitive | circumdaturi | circumdaturae | circumdaturi | |
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| Dative | circumdaturo | circumdaturae | circumdaturo | |
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| Accusative | circumdaturum | circumdaturam | circumdaturum | |
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| Ablative | circumdaturo | circumdatura | circumdaturo | |
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| Vocative | circumdature | circumdatura | circumdaturum | |
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Future active participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | circumdaturi | circumdaturae | circumdatura | |
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| Genitive | circumdaturorum | circumdaturarum | circumdaturorum | |
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| Dative | | | | circumdaturis |
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| Accusative | circumdaturos | circumdaturas | circumdatura | |
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| Ablative | | | | circumdaturis |
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| Vocative | circumdaturi | circumdaturae | circumdatura | |
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Perfect passive participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | circumdatus | circumdata | circumdatum | |
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| Genitive | circumdati | circumdatae | circumdati | |
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| Dative | circumdato | circumdatae | circumdato | |
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| Accusative | circumdatum | circumdatam | circumdatum | |
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| Ablative | circumdato | circumdata | circumdato | |
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| Vocative | circumdate | circumdata | circumdatum | |
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Perfect passive participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | circumdati | circumdatae | circumdata | |
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| Genitive | circumdatorum | circumdatarum | circumdatorum | |
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| Dative | | | | circumdatis |
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| Accusative | circumdatos | circumdatas | circumdata | |
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| Ablative | | | | circumdatis |
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| Vocative | circumdati | circumdatae | circumdata | |
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Gerund, gerundive and supine
Gerundive, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | circumdandus | circumdanda | circumdandum | |
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| Genitive | circumdandi | circumdandae | circumdandi | |
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| Dative | circumdando | circumdandae | circumdando | |
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| Accusative | circumdandum | circumdandam | circumdandum | |
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| Ablative | circumdando | circumdanda | circumdando | |
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| Vocative | circumdande | circumdanda | circumdandum | |
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Gerundive, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Forms |
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| Nominative | circumdandi | circumdandae | circumdanda | |
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| Genitive | circumdandorum | circumdandarum | circumdandorum | |
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| Dative | | | | circumdandis |
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| Accusative | circumdandos | circumdandas | circumdanda | |
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| Ablative | | | | circumdandis |
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| Vocative | circumdandi | circumdandae | circumdanda | |
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Supine | Forms |
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| Accusative | circumdatum |
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| Ablative | circumdatu |
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Meaning and examples of circumdo
Source: Socratos (socratos.org), a free reader for Ancient Greek and Latin. Grammar from the Perseus Treebank and Morpheus; dictionary entries from Lewis & Short, A Latin Dictionary (Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA). Counts are from the texts on Socratos.