ἐθίζω (ethizo): all forms
ἐθίζω means “accustom”. Below is its full conjugation in Ancient Greek.
Present active
Present active | Indicative | Subjunctive | Optative | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | ἐθίζω | ἐθίζω | ἐθίζοιμι | |
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| 2nd singular | ἐθίζεις | ἐθίζῃς | ἐθίζοις | ἔθιζε |
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| 3rd singular | ἐθίζει | ἐθίζῃ | ἐθίζοι | ἐθιζέτω |
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| 1st plural | ἐθίζομεν | ἐθίζωμεν | ἐθίζοιμεν | |
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| 2nd plural | ἐθίζετε | ἐθίζητε | ἐθίζοιτε | ἐθίζετε |
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| 3rd plural | ἐθίζουσι(ν) | ἐθίζωσι(ν) | ἐθίζοιεν | ἐθιζόντων · ἐθιζέτωσαν |
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Present middle/passive
Present middle/passive | Indicative | Subjunctive | Optative | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | ἐθίζομαι | ἐθίζωμαι | ἐθιζοίμην | |
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| 2nd singular | ἐθίζει · ἐθίζῃ | ἐθίζῃ | ἐθίζοιο | ἐθίζου |
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| 3rd singular | ἐθίζεται | ἐθίζηται | ἐθίζοιτο | ἐθιζέσθω |
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| 1st plural | ἐθιζόμεθα | ἐθιζώμεθα | ἐθιζοίμεθα | |
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| 2nd plural | ἐθίζεσθε | ἐθίζησθε | ἐθίζοισθε | ἐθίζεσθε |
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| 3rd plural | ἐθίζονται | ἐθίζωνται | ἐθίζοιντο | ἐθιζέσθων · ἐθιζέσθωσαν |
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Imperfect active
Imperfect active | Indicative |
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| 1st singular | εἴθιζον |
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| 2nd singular | εἴθιζες |
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| 3rd singular | εἴθιζε(ν) |
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| 1st plural | εἰθίζομεν |
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| 2nd plural | εἰθίζετε |
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| 3rd plural | εἴθιζον |
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Imperfect middle/passive
Imperfect middle/passive | Indicative |
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| 1st singular | εἰθιζόμην |
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| 2nd singular | εἰθίζου |
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| 3rd singular | εἰθίζετο |
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| 1st plural | εἰθιζόμεθα |
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| 2nd plural | εἰθίζεσθε |
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| 3rd plural | εἰθίζοντο |
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Future active
Future active | Indicative | Optative |
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| 1st singular | ἐθιῶ | ἐθιοίην |
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| 2nd singular | ἐθιεῖς | ἐθιοῖς · ἐθιοίης |
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| 3rd singular | ἐθιεῖ | ἐθιοίη |
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| 1st plural | ἐθιοῦμεν | ἐθιοῖμεν |
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| 2nd plural | ἐθιεῖτε | ἐθιοῖτε |
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| 3rd plural | ἐθιοῦσι(ν) | ἐθιοῖεν |
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Future middle
Future middle | Indicative | Optative |
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| 1st singular | ἐθιοῦμαι | ἐθιοίμην |
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| 2nd singular | ἐθιεῖ · ἐθιῇ | ἐθιοῖο |
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| 3rd singular | ἐθιεῖται | ἐθιοῖτο |
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| 1st plural | ἐθιούμεθα | ἐθιοίμεθα |
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| 2nd plural | ἐθιεῖσθε | ἐθιοῖσθε |
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| 3rd plural | ἐθιοῦνται | ἐθιοῖντο |
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Future passive
Future passive | Indicative | Optative |
|---|
| 1st singular | ἐτισθήσομαι | ἐτισθησοίμην |
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| 2nd singular | ἐτισθήσει · ἐτισθήσῃ | ἐτισθήσοιο |
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| 3rd singular | ἐτισθήσεται | ἐτισθήσοιτο |
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| 1st plural | ἐτισθησόμεθα | ἐτισθησοίμεθα |
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| 2nd plural | ἐτισθήσεσθε | ἐτισθήσοισθε |
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| 3rd plural | ἐτισθήσονται | ἐτισθήσοιντο |
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Aorist active
Aorist active | Indicative | Subjunctive | Optative | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | εἴθισα | ἐθίσω | ἐθίσαιμι | |
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| 2nd singular | εἴθισας | ἐθίσῃς | ἐθίσαις · ἐθίσειας | ἔθισον |
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| 3rd singular | εἴθισε(ν) | ἐθίσῃ | ἐθίσαι · ἐθίσειε | ἐθισάτω |
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| 1st plural | εἰθίσαμεν | ἐθίσωμεν | ἐθίσαιμεν | |
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| 2nd plural | εἰθίσατε | ἐθίσητε | ἐθίσαιτε | ἐθίσατε |
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| 3rd plural | εἴθισαν | ἐθίσωσι(ν) | ἐθίσειαν · ἐθίσαιεν | ἐθισάντων · ἐθισάτωσαν |
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Aorist middle
Aorist middle | Indicative | Subjunctive | Optative | Imperative |
|---|
| 1st singular | εἰθισάμην | ἐθίσωμαι | ἐθισαίμην | |
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| 2nd singular | εἰθίσω | ἐθίσῃ | ἐθίσαιο | ἔθισαι |
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| 3rd singular | εἰθίσατο | ἐθίσηται | ἐθίσαιτο | ἐθισάσθω |
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| 1st plural | εἰθισάμεθα | ἐθισώμεθα | ἐθισαίμεθα | |
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| 2nd plural | εἰθίσασθε | ἐθίσησθε | ἐθίσαισθε | ἐθίσασθε |
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| 3rd plural | εἰθίσαντο | ἐθίσωνται | ἐθίσαιντο | ἐθισάσθων · ἐθισάσθωσαν |
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Aorist passive
Aorist passive | Indicative | Subjunctive | Optative | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | εἰτίσθην | ἐτισθῶ | ἐτισθείην | |
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| 2nd singular | εἰτίσθης | ἐτισθῇς | ἐτισθείης | ἐτίσθητι |
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| 3rd singular | εἰτίσθη | ἐτισθῇ | ἐτισθείη | ἐτισθήτω |
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| 1st plural | εἰτίσθημεν | ἐτισθῶμεν | ἐτισθείημεν · ἐτισθεῖμεν | |
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| 2nd plural | εἰτίσθητε | ἐτισθῆτε | ἐτισθείητε · ἐτισθεῖτε | ἐτίσθησθε |
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| 3rd plural | εἰτίσθησαν | ἐτισθῶσι(ν) | ἐτισθείησαν · ἐτισθεῖεν | ἐτισθέσθων · ἐτισθήτωσαν |
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Aorist middle/passive
Aorist middle/passive | Indicative |
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| 3rd plural | εἰθισέατο |
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Perfect active
Perfect active | Indicative | Subjunctive | Optative | Imperative |
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| 1st singular | εἴθικα | εἰθίκω | εἰθίκοιμι · εἰθικοίην | |
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| 2nd singular | εἴθικας | εἰθίκῃς | εἰθίκοις · εἰθικοίης | εἴθικε |
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| 3rd singular | εἴθικε(ν) | εἰθίκῃ | εἰθίκοι · εἰθικοίη | εἰθικέτω |
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| 1st plural | εἰθίκαμεν | εἰθίκωμεν | εἰθίκοιμεν | |
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| 2nd plural | εἰθίκατε | εἰθίκητε | εἰθίκοιτε | εἰθίκετε |
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| 3rd plural | εἰθίκασι(ν) | εἰθίκωσι(ν) | εἰθίκοιεν | |
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Perfect middle/passive
Perfect middle/passive | Indicative | Imperative |
|---|
| 1st singular | εἴθισμαι | |
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| 2nd singular | εἴθισαι | εἴθισο |
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| 3rd singular | εἴθισται | εἰθίσθω |
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| 1st plural | εἰθίσμεθα | |
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| 2nd plural | εἴθισθε | εἴθισθε |
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| 3rd plural | εἰθίδαται | εἰθίσθων |
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Pluperfect active
Pluperfect active | Indicative |
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| 1st singular | εἰθίκη |
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| 2nd singular | εἰθίκης |
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| 3rd singular | εἰθίκει |
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| 1st plural | εἰθίκεμεν |
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| 2nd plural | εἰθίκετε |
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| 3rd plural | εἰθίκεσαν |
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Pluperfect middle/passive
Pluperfect middle/passive | Indicative |
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| 1st singular | εἰθίσμην |
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| 2nd singular | εἴθισο |
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| 3rd singular | εἴθιστο |
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| 1st plural | εἰθίσμεθα |
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| 2nd plural | εἴθισθε |
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| 3rd plural | εἰθίδατο |
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Infinitives
Infinitives | Active | Middle | Passive | Middle/passive |
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| Present | ἐθίζειν | | | ἐθίζεσθαι |
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| Future | ἐθιεῖν | ἐθιεῖσθαι | ἐτισθήσεσθαι | |
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| Aorist | ἐθίσαι | ἐθίσασθαι | ἐτισθῆναι | |
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| Perfect | εἰθικέναι | | | εἰθίσθαι |
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Participles
Present active participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
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| Nominative | ἐθίζων | ἐθίζουσα | ἐθίζον |
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| Genitive | ἐθίζοντος | ἐθιζούσης | ἐθίζοντος |
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| Dative | ἐθίζοντι | ἐθιζούσῃ | ἐθίζοντι |
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| Accusative | ἐθίζοντα | ἐθίζουσαν | ἐθίζον |
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| Vocative | ἐθίζον | ἐθίζουσα | ἐθίζον |
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Present active participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
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| Nominative | ἐθίζοντες | ἐθίζουσαι | ἐθίζοντα |
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| Genitive | ἐθιζόντων | ἐθιζουσῶν | ἐθιζόντων |
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| Dative | ἐθίζουσι(ν) | ἐθιζούσαις | ἐθίζουσι(ν) |
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| Accusative | ἐθίζοντας | ἐθιζούσας | ἐθίζοντα |
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| Vocative | ἐθίζοντες | ἐθίζουσαι | ἐθίζοντα |
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Present middle/passive participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
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| Nominative | ἐθιζόμενος | ἐθιζομένη | ἐθιζόμενον |
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| Genitive | ἐθιζομένου | ἐθιζομένης | ἐθιζομένου |
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| Dative | ἐθιζομένῳ | ἐθιζομένῃ | ἐθιζομένῳ |
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| Accusative | ἐθιζόμενον | ἐθιζομένην | ἐθιζόμενον |
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| Vocative | ἐθιζόμενε | ἐθιζομένη | ἐθιζόμενον |
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Present middle/passive participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
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| Nominative | ἐθιζόμενοι | ἐθιζόμεναι | ἐθιζόμενα |
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| Genitive | ἐθιζομένων | ἐθιζομένων | ἐθιζομένων |
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| Dative | ἐθιζομένοις | ἐθιζομέναις | ἐθιζομένοις |
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| Accusative | ἐθιζομένους | ἐθιζομένας | ἐθιζόμενα |
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| Vocative | ἐθιζόμενοι | ἐθιζόμεναι | ἐθιζόμενα |
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Future active participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
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| Nominative | ἐθιῶν | ἐθιοῦσα | ἐθιοῦν |
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| Genitive | ἐθιοῦντος | ἐθιούσης | ἐθιοῦντος |
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| Dative | ἐθιοῦντι | ἐθιούσῃ | ἐθιοῦντι |
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| Accusative | ἐθιοῦντα | ἐθιοῦσαν | ἐθιοῦν |
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| Vocative | ἐθιοῦν | ἐθιοῦσα | ἐθιοῦν |
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Future active participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
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| Nominative | ἐθιοῦντες | ἐθιοῦσαι | ἐθιοῦντα |
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| Genitive | ἐθιούντων | ἐθιουσῶν | ἐθιούντων |
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| Dative | ἐθιοῦσι(ν) | ἐθιούσαις | ἐθιοῦσι(ν) |
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| Accusative | ἐθιοῦντας | ἐθιούσας | ἐθιοῦντα |
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| Vocative | ἐθιοῦντες | ἐθιοῦσαι | ἐθιοῦντα |
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Future middle participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
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| Nominative | ἐθιούμενος | ἐθιουμένη | ἐθιούμενον |
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| Genitive | ἐθιουμένου | ἐθιουμένης | ἐθιουμένου |
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| Dative | ἐθιουμένῳ | ἐθιουμένῃ | ἐθιουμένῳ |
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| Accusative | ἐθιούμενον | ἐθιουμένην | ἐθιούμενον |
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| Vocative | ἐθιούμενε | ἐθιουμένη | ἐθιούμενον |
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Future middle participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
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| Nominative | ἐθιούμενοι | ἐθιούμεναι | ἐθιούμενα |
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| Genitive | ἐθιουμένων | ἐθιουμένων | ἐθιουμένων |
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| Dative | ἐθιουμένοις | ἐθιουμέναις | ἐθιουμένοις |
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| Accusative | ἐθιουμένους | ἐθιουμένας | ἐθιούμενα |
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| Vocative | ἐθιούμενοι | ἐθιούμεναι | ἐθιούμενα |
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Future passive participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
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| Nominative | ἐτισθησόμενος | ἐτισθησομένη | ἐτισθησόμενον |
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| Genitive | ἐτισθησομένου | ἐτισθησομένης | ἐτισθησομένου |
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| Dative | ἐτισθησομένῳ | ἐτισθησομένῃ | ἐτισθησομένῳ |
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| Accusative | ἐτισθησόμενον | ἐτισθησομένην | ἐτισθησόμενον |
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| Vocative | ἐτισθησόμενε | ἐτισθησομένη | ἐτισθησόμενον |
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Future passive participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|
| Nominative | ἐτισθησόμενοι | ἐτισθησόμεναι | ἐτισθησόμενα |
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| Genitive | ἐτισθησομένων | ἐτισθησομένων | ἐτισθησομένων |
|---|
| Dative | ἐτισθησομένοις | ἐτισθησομέναις | ἐτισθησομένοις |
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| Accusative | ἐτισθησομένους | ἐτισθησομένας | ἐτισθησόμενα |
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| Vocative | ἐτισθησόμενοι | ἐτισθησόμεναι | ἐτισθησόμενα |
|---|
Aorist active participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|
| Nominative | ἐθίσας | ἐθίσασα | ἐθίσαν |
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| Genitive | ἐθίσαντος | ἐθισάσης | ἐθίσαντος |
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| Dative | ἐθίσαντι | ἐθισάσῃ | ἐθίσαντι |
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| Accusative | ἐθίσαντα | ἐθίσασαν | ἐθίσαν |
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| Vocative | ἐθίσας | ἐθίσασα | ἐθίσαν |
|---|
Aorist active participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|
| Nominative | ἐθίσαντες | ἐθίσασαι | ἐθίσαντα |
|---|
| Genitive | ἐθισάντων | ἐθισασῶν | ἐθισάντων |
|---|
| Dative | ἐθίσασι(ν) | ἐθισάσαις | ἐθίσασι(ν) |
|---|
| Accusative | ἐθίσαντας | ἐθισάσας | ἐθίσαντα |
|---|
| Vocative | ἐθίσαντες | ἐθίσασαι | ἐθίσαντα |
|---|
Aorist middle participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|
| Nominative | ἐθισάμενος | ἐθισαμένη | ἐθισάμενον |
|---|
| Genitive | ἐθισαμένου | ἐθισαμένης | ἐθισαμένου |
|---|
| Dative | ἐθισαμένῳ | ἐθισαμένῃ | ἐθισαμένῳ |
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| Accusative | ἐθισάμενον | ἐθισαμένην | ἐθισάμενον |
|---|
| Vocative | ἐθισάμενε | ἐθισαμένη | ἐθισάμενον |
|---|
Aorist middle participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|
| Nominative | ἐθισάμενοι | ἐθισάμεναι | ἐθισάμενα |
|---|
| Genitive | ἐθισαμένων | ἐθισαμένων | ἐθισαμένων |
|---|
| Dative | ἐθισαμένοις | ἐθισαμέναις | ἐθισαμένοις |
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| Accusative | ἐθισαμένους | ἐθισαμένας | ἐθισάμενα |
|---|
| Vocative | ἐθισάμενοι | ἐθισάμεναι | ἐθισάμενα |
|---|
Aorist passive participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|
| Nominative | ἐτισθείς | ἐτισθεῖσα | ἐτισθέν |
|---|
| Genitive | ἐτισθέντος | ἐτισθείσης | ἐτισθέντος |
|---|
| Dative | ἐτισθέντι | ἐτισθείσῃ | ἐτισθέντι |
|---|
| Accusative | ἐτισθέντα | ἐτισθεῖσαν | ἐτισθέν |
|---|
| Vocative | ἐτισθείς | ἐτισθεῖσα | ἐτισθέν |
|---|
Aorist passive participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|
| Nominative | ἐτισθέντες | ἐτισθεῖσαι | ἐτισθέντα |
|---|
| Genitive | ἐτισθέντων | ἐτισθεισῶν | ἐτισθέντων |
|---|
| Dative | ἐτισθεῖσι(ν) | ἐτισθείσαις | ἐτισθεῖσι(ν) |
|---|
| Accusative | ἐτισθέντας | ἐτισθείσας | ἐτισθέντα |
|---|
| Vocative | ἐτισθέντες | ἐτισθεῖσαι | ἐτισθέντα |
|---|
Perfect active participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|
| Nominative | εἰθικώς | εἰθικυῖα | εἰθικός |
|---|
| Genitive | εἰθικότος | εἰθικυίας | εἰθικότος |
|---|
| Dative | εἰθικότι | εἰθικυίᾳ | εἰθικότι |
|---|
| Accusative | εἰθικότα | εἰθικυῖαν | εἰθικός |
|---|
| Vocative | εἰθικώς | εἰθικυῖα | εἰθικός |
|---|
Perfect active participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|
| Nominative | εἰθικότες | εἰθικυῖαι | εἰθικότα |
|---|
| Genitive | εἰθικότων | εἰθικυιῶν | εἰθικότων |
|---|
| Dative | εἰθικόσι(ν) | εἰθικυίαις · εἰθικυίαφι · εἰθικυίᾳς | εἰθικόσι(ν) |
|---|
| Accusative | εἰθικότας | εἰθικυίας | εἰθικότα |
|---|
| Vocative | εἰθικότες | εἰθικυῖαι | εἰθικότα |
|---|
Perfect middle/passive participle, singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|
| Nominative | εἰθισμένος | εἰθισμένη | εἰθισμένον |
|---|
| Genitive | εἰθισμένου | εἰθισμένης | εἰθισμένου |
|---|
| Dative | εἰθισμένῳ | εἰθισμένῃ | εἰθισμένῳ |
|---|
| Accusative | εἰθισμένον | εἰθισμένην | εἰθισμένον |
|---|
| Vocative | εἰθισμένε | εἰθισμένη | εἰθισμένον |
|---|
Perfect middle/passive participle, plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|
| Nominative | εἰθισμένοι | εἰθισμέναι | εἰθισμένα |
|---|
| Genitive | εἰθισμένων | εἰθισμένων | εἰθισμένων |
|---|
| Dative | εἰθισμένοις | εἰθισμέναις | εἰθισμένοις |
|---|
| Accusative | εἰθισμένους | εἰθισμένας | εἰθισμένα |
|---|
| Vocative | εἰθισμένοι | εἰθισμέναι | εἰθισμένα |
|---|
Meaning and examples of ἐθίζω
Source: Socratos (socratos.org), a free reader for Ancient Greek and Latin. Grammar from the Perseus Treebank and Morpheus; dictionary entries from Liddell-Scott-Jones, A Greek-English Lexicon (Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA). Counts are from the texts on Socratos.